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Oton Župančič (January 23, 1878 – June 11, 1949) was a Slovene poet, translator and playwright. He is regarded, alongside Ivan Cankar, Dragotin Kette and Josip Murn, as the beginner of modernism in Slovene literature. In the period following World War I, Župančič was frequently regarded as the greatest Slovenian poet after Prešeren,〔Fran Erjavec, ''Slovenija in Slovenci'' (Ljubljana: Slovenska straža, 1940)〕 but in the last forty years his influence has been declining and his poetry has lost much of its initial appeal.〔Boštjan M. Turk, "Ob smrtni postelji: spregledani Oton Župančič", in ''Delo'' (September 4, 2004), 35〕〔Kajetan Kovič, "Dialog z Župančičem" in ''Sodobnost'', vol. 46, no. 6/7 (1998), 491-498〕 == Biography == He was born as Oton Zupančič in the village of Vinica in the Slovene region of White Carniola near the border with Croatia. His father Franc Zupančič was a wealthy village merchant, his mother Ana Malić was of Croatian origin.〔Janko Kos, ''Slovenska književnost'' (Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, 1982), 413〕 He attended high school in Novo Mesto and in Ljubljana. In the Carniolan capital, he initially frequented the circle of Catholic intellectuals around the social activist, author and politician Janez Evangelist Krek, but later turned to the freethinking circle of young Slovene modernist artists, among whom were Ivan Cankar, Dragotin Kette and Josip Murn.〔Janko Kos, ibid.〕 In 1896, he went to study history and geography at the University of Vienna. He stayed in Vienna until 1900, but never completed his studies.〔Janko Kos, ''Pregled slovenskega slovstva'' (Ljubljana: DZS, 1983), 267〕 In the Austrian capital, he became acquainted with the contemporary currents in European art, especially the Viennese Secession and fin de siècle literature. He also met with Ruthenian students from eastern Galicia who introduced him to Ukrainian folk poetry, which had an important influence on Župančič's future poetic development.〔Janko Kos, op.cit., 269〕 In 1900, he returned to Ljubljana, where he taught as a substitute teacher at the Ljubljana Classical Gymnasium. He started to publish his poetry in the prestigious liberal literary magazine ''Ljubljanski zvon'', where he clashed with one of its editors and the most influential Slovene author of that time, Anton Aškerc. In 1905, he traveled to Paris and settled in Germany, where he worked as a private tutor until 1910.〔Janko Kos, ibid.〕〔Janko Glazer, "Spremna beseda" in Oton Župančič, Izbrane pesmi (Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, 1963), 113〕 In 1910, he returned to Ljubljana and worked as a stage director at the Drama Theater of Ljubljana. In 1912, the national liberal mayor of Ljubljana Ivan Tavčar employed him as the director of the City Archive, a post previously occupied by Župančič's former opponent, Anton Aškerc.〔Janko Kos, op.cit., 267〕 The following year, he got married 1913 Ana Kessler (Ana Župančič), daughter of the socialite Marija Kessler and sister of the poetess Vera Albreht, who was married to the author Fran Albreht. In 1920, he returned to his previous job as a stage director and later manager of the Drama Theater. During the Italian Fascist and Nazi German occupation of Slovenian in World War II, Župančič sympathized with the Liberation Front of the Slovenian People and wrote poems under different pseudonyms for underground antifascist journals. After the end of the War in 1945, he was given several honorary positions and awards by the new Communist regime.〔Janko Kos, ''Slovenska književnost'', op.cit., 414〕 During that period, he was dubbed ''the people's poet''.〔Ženja Leiler et al., Slovenska kultura v XX. stoletju (Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga - Delo, 2002), 114〕 He died in Ljubljana on 11 June1949 and was buried with full honours in the Žale cemetery on 14 June, in the same grave as his friends from childhood Ivan Cankar, Dragotin Kette, and Josip Murn. His older son Marko Župančič was a renowned architect, and his younger son Andrej O. Župančič was a pathologist, anthropologist, and author. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oton Župančič」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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